screen_ui.cpp

/*
 * Copyright (C) 2011 The Android Open Source Project
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

#include "screen_ui.h"

#include <dirent.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <stdarg.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <sys/time.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <unistd.h>

#include <algorithm>
#include <chrono>
#include <memory>
#include <string>
#include <thread>
#include <unordered_map>
#include <vector>

#include <android-base/logging.h>
#include <android-base/properties.h>
#include <android-base/stringprintf.h>
#include <android-base/strings.h>

#include "device.h"
#include "minui/minui.h"
#include "otautil/paths.h"
#include "ui.h"

// Return the current time as a double (including fractions of a second).
static double now() {
  struct timeval tv;
  gettimeofday(&tv, nullptr);
  return tv.tv_sec + tv.tv_usec / 1000000.0;
}

Menu::Menu(size_t initial_selection, const DrawInterface& draw_func)
    : selection_(initial_selection), draw_funcs_(draw_func) {}

size_t Menu::selection() const {
  return selection_;
}

TextMenu::TextMenu(bool scrollable, size_t max_items, size_t max_length,
                   const std::vector<std::string>& headers, const std::vector<std::string>& items,
                   size_t initial_selection, int char_height, const DrawInterface& draw_funcs)
    : Menu(initial_selection, draw_funcs),
      scrollable_(scrollable),
      max_display_items_(max_items),
      max_item_length_(max_length),
      text_headers_(headers),
      menu_start_(0),
      char_height_(char_height) {
  CHECK_LE(max_items, static_cast<size_t>(std::numeric_limits<int>::max()));

  // It's fine to have more entries than text_rows_ if scrollable menu is supported.
  size_t items_count = scrollable_ ? items.size() : std::min(items.size(), max_display_items_);
  for (size_t i = 0; i < items_count; ++i) {
    text_items_.emplace_back(items[i].substr(0, max_item_length_));
  }

  CHECK(!text_items_.empty());
}

const std::vector<std::string>& TextMenu::text_headers() const {
  return text_headers_;
}

std::string TextMenu::TextItem(size_t index) const {
  CHECK_LT(index, text_items_.size());

  return text_items_[index];
}

size_t TextMenu::MenuStart() const {
  return menu_start_;
}

size_t TextMenu::MenuEnd() const {
  return std::min(ItemsCount(), menu_start_ + max_display_items_);
}

size_t TextMenu::ItemsCount() const {
  return text_items_.size();
}

bool TextMenu::ItemsOverflow(std::string* cur_selection_str) const {
  if (!scrollable_ || ItemsCount() <= max_display_items_) {
    return false;
  }

  *cur_selection_str =
      android::base::StringPrintf("Current item: %zu/%zu", selection_ + 1, ItemsCount());
  return true;
}

// TODO(xunchang) modify the function parameters to button up & down.
int TextMenu::Select(int sel) {
  CHECK_LE(ItemsCount(), static_cast<size_t>(std::numeric_limits<int>::max()));
  int count = ItemsCount();

  // Wraps the selection at boundary if the menu is not scrollable.
  if (!scrollable_) {
    if (sel < 0) {
      selection_ = count - 1;
    } else if (sel >= count) {
      selection_ = 0;
    } else {
      selection_ = sel;
    }

    return selection_;
  }

  if (sel < 0) {
    selection_ = 0;
  } else if (sel >= count) {
    selection_ = count - 1;
  } else {
    if (static_cast<size_t>(sel) < menu_start_) {
      menu_start_--;
    } else if (static_cast<size_t>(sel) >= MenuEnd()) {
      menu_start_++;
    }
    selection_ = sel;
  }

  return selection_;
}

int TextMenu::DrawHeader(int x, int y) const {
  int offset = 0;

  draw_funcs_.SetColor(UIElement::HEADER);
  if (!scrollable()) {
    offset += draw_funcs_.DrawWrappedTextLines(x, y + offset, text_headers());
  } else {
    offset += draw_funcs_.DrawTextLines(x, y + offset, text_headers());
    // Show the current menu item number in relation to total number if items don't fit on the
    // screen.
    std::string cur_selection_str;
    if (ItemsOverflow(&cur_selection_str)) {
      offset += draw_funcs_.DrawTextLine(x, y + offset, cur_selection_str, true);
    }
  }

  return offset;
}

int TextMenu::DrawItems(int x, int y, int screen_width, bool long_press) const {
  int offset = 0;

  draw_funcs_.SetColor(UIElement::MENU);
  // Do not draw the horizontal rule for wear devices.
  if (!scrollable()) {
    offset += draw_funcs_.DrawHorizontalRule(y + offset) + 4;
  }
  for (size_t i = MenuStart(); i < MenuEnd(); ++i) {
    bool bold = false;
    if (i == selection()) {
      // Draw the highlight bar.
      draw_funcs_.SetColor(long_press ? UIElement::MENU_SEL_BG_ACTIVE : UIElement::MENU_SEL_BG);

      int bar_height = char_height_ + 4;
      draw_funcs_.DrawHighlightBar(0, y + offset - 2, screen_width, bar_height);

      // Bold white text for the selected item.
      draw_funcs_.SetColor(UIElement::MENU_SEL_FG);
      bold = true;
    }
    offset += draw_funcs_.DrawTextLine(x, y + offset, TextItem(i), bold);

    draw_funcs_.SetColor(UIElement::MENU);
  }
  offset += draw_funcs_.DrawHorizontalRule(y + offset);

  return offset;
}

GraphicMenu::GraphicMenu(const GRSurface* graphic_headers,
                         const std::vector<const GRSurface*>& graphic_items,
                         size_t initial_selection, const DrawInterface& draw_funcs)
    : Menu(initial_selection, draw_funcs) {
  graphic_headers_ = graphic_headers->Clone();
  graphic_items_.reserve(graphic_items.size());
  for (const auto& item : graphic_items) {
    graphic_items_.emplace_back(item->Clone());
  }
}

int GraphicMenu::Select(int sel) {
  CHECK_LE(graphic_items_.size(), static_cast<size_t>(std::numeric_limits<int>::max()));
  int count = graphic_items_.size();

  // Wraps the selection at boundary if the menu is not scrollable.
  if (sel < 0) {
    selection_ = count - 1;
  } else if (sel >= count) {
    selection_ = 0;
  } else {
    selection_ = sel;
  }

  return selection_;
}

int GraphicMenu::DrawHeader(int x, int y) const {
  draw_funcs_.SetColor(UIElement::HEADER);
  draw_funcs_.DrawTextIcon(x, y, graphic_headers_.get());
  return graphic_headers_->height;
}

int GraphicMenu::DrawItems(int x, int y, int screen_width, bool long_press) const {
  int offset = 0;

  draw_funcs_.SetColor(UIElement::MENU);
  offset += draw_funcs_.DrawHorizontalRule(y + offset) + 4;

  for (size_t i = 0; i < graphic_items_.size(); i++) {
    auto& item = graphic_items_[i];
    if (i == selection_) {
      draw_funcs_.SetColor(long_press ? UIElement::MENU_SEL_BG_ACTIVE : UIElement::MENU_SEL_BG);

      int bar_height = item->height + 4;
      draw_funcs_.DrawHighlightBar(0, y + offset - 2, screen_width, bar_height);

      // Bold white text for the selected item.
      draw_funcs_.SetColor(UIElement::MENU_SEL_FG);
    }
    draw_funcs_.DrawTextIcon(x, y + offset, item.get());
    offset += item->height;

    draw_funcs_.SetColor(UIElement::MENU);
  }
  offset += draw_funcs_.DrawHorizontalRule(y + offset);

  return offset;
}

bool GraphicMenu::Validate(size_t max_width, size_t max_height, const GRSurface* graphic_headers,
                           const std::vector<const GRSurface*>& graphic_items) {
  int offset = 0;
  if (!ValidateGraphicSurface(max_width, max_height, offset, graphic_headers)) {
    return false;
  }
  offset += graphic_headers->height;

  for (const auto& item : graphic_items) {
    if (!ValidateGraphicSurface(max_width, max_height, offset, item)) {
      return false;
    }
    offset += item->height;
  }

  return true;
}

bool GraphicMenu::ValidateGraphicSurface(size_t max_width, size_t max_height, int y,
                                         const GRSurface* surface) {
  if (!surface) {
    fprintf(stderr, "Graphic surface can not be null\n");
    return false;
  }

  if (surface->pixel_bytes != 1 || surface->width != surface->row_bytes) {
    fprintf(stderr, "Invalid graphic surface, pixel bytes: %zu, width: %zu row_bytes: %zu\n",
            surface->pixel_bytes, surface->width, surface->row_bytes);
    return false;
  }

  if (surface->width > max_width || surface->height > max_height - y) {
    fprintf(stderr,
            "Graphic surface doesn't fit into the screen. width: %zu, height: %zu, max_width: %zu,"
            " max_height: %zu, vertical offset: %d\n",
            surface->width, surface->height, max_width, max_height, y);
    return false;
  }

  return true;
}

ScreenRecoveryUI::ScreenRecoveryUI() : ScreenRecoveryUI(false) {}

constexpr int kDefaultMarginHeight = 0;
constexpr int kDefaultMarginWidth = 0;
constexpr int kDefaultAnimationFps = 30;

ScreenRecoveryUI::ScreenRecoveryUI(bool scrollable_menu)
    : margin_width_(
          android::base::GetIntProperty("ro.recovery.ui.margin_width", kDefaultMarginWidth)),
      margin_height_(
          android::base::GetIntProperty("ro.recovery.ui.margin_height", kDefaultMarginHeight)),
      animation_fps_(
          android::base::GetIntProperty("ro.recovery.ui.animation_fps", kDefaultAnimationFps)),
      density_(static_cast<float>(android::base::GetIntProperty("ro.sf.lcd_density", 160)) / 160.f),
      current_icon_(NONE),
      current_frame_(0),
      intro_done_(false),
      progressBarType(EMPTY),
      progressScopeStart(0),
      progressScopeSize(0),
      progress(0),
      pagesIdentical(false),
      text_cols_(0),
      text_rows_(0),
      text_(nullptr),
      text_col_(0),
      text_row_(0),
      show_text(false),
      show_text_ever(false),
      scrollable_menu_(scrollable_menu),
      file_viewer_text_(nullptr),
      stage(-1),
      max_stage(-1),
      locale_(""),
      rtl_locale_(false) {}

ScreenRecoveryUI::~ScreenRecoveryUI() {
  progress_thread_stopped_ = true;
  if (progress_thread_.joinable()) {
    progress_thread_.join();
  }
  // No-op if gr_init() (via Init()) was not called or had failed.
  gr_exit();
}

const GRSurface* ScreenRecoveryUI::GetCurrentFrame() const {
  if (current_icon_ == INSTALLING_UPDATE || current_icon_ == ERASING) {
    return intro_done_ ? loop_frames_[current_frame_].get() : intro_frames_[current_frame_].get();
  }
  return error_icon_.get();
}

const GRSurface* ScreenRecoveryUI::GetCurrentText() const {
  switch (current_icon_) {
    case ERASING:
      return erasing_text_.get();
    case ERROR:
      return error_text_.get();
    case INSTALLING_UPDATE:
      return installing_text_.get();
    case NO_COMMAND:
      return no_command_text_.get();
    case NONE:
      abort();
  }
}

int ScreenRecoveryUI::PixelsFromDp(int dp) const {
  return dp * density_;
}

// Here's the intended layout:

//          | portrait    large        landscape      large
// ---------+-------------------------------------------------
//      gap |
// icon     |                   (200dp)
//      gap |    68dp      68dp             56dp      112dp
// text     |                    (14sp)
//      gap |    32dp      32dp             26dp       52dp
// progress |                     (2dp)
//      gap |

// Note that "baseline" is actually the *top* of each icon (because that's how our drawing routines
// work), so that's the more useful measurement for calling code. We use even top and bottom gaps.

enum Layout { PORTRAIT = 0, PORTRAIT_LARGE = 1, LANDSCAPE = 2, LANDSCAPE_LARGE = 3, LAYOUT_MAX };
enum Dimension { TEXT = 0, ICON = 1, DIMENSION_MAX };
static constexpr int kLayouts[LAYOUT_MAX][DIMENSION_MAX] = {
  { 32,  68, },  // PORTRAIT
  { 32,  68, },  // PORTRAIT_LARGE
  { 26,  56, },  // LANDSCAPE
  { 52, 112, },  // LANDSCAPE_LARGE
};

int ScreenRecoveryUI::GetAnimationBaseline() const {
  return GetTextBaseline() - PixelsFromDp(kLayouts[layout_][ICON]) -
         gr_get_height(loop_frames_[0].get());
}

int ScreenRecoveryUI::GetTextBaseline() const {
  return GetProgressBaseline() - PixelsFromDp(kLayouts[layout_][TEXT]) -
         gr_get_height(installing_text_.get());
}

int ScreenRecoveryUI::GetProgressBaseline() const {
  int elements_sum = gr_get_height(loop_frames_[0].get()) + PixelsFromDp(kLayouts[layout_][ICON]) +
                     gr_get_height(installing_text_.get()) + PixelsFromDp(kLayouts[layout_][TEXT]) +
                     gr_get_height(progress_bar_fill_.get());
  int bottom_gap = (ScreenHeight() - elements_sum) / 2;
  return ScreenHeight() - bottom_gap - gr_get_height(progress_bar_fill_.get());
}

// Clear the screen and draw the currently selected background icon (if any).
// Should only be called with updateMutex locked.
void ScreenRecoveryUI::draw_background_locked() {
  pagesIdentical = false;
  gr_color(0, 0, 0, 255);
  gr_clear();
  if (current_icon_ != NONE) {
    if (max_stage != -1) {
      int stage_height = gr_get_height(stage_marker_empty_.get());
      int stage_width = gr_get_width(stage_marker_empty_.get());
      int x = (ScreenWidth() - max_stage * gr_get_width(stage_marker_empty_.get())) / 2;
      int y = ScreenHeight() - stage_height - margin_height_;
      for (int i = 0; i < max_stage; ++i) {
        const auto& stage_surface = (i < stage) ? stage_marker_fill_ : stage_marker_empty_;
        DrawSurface(stage_surface.get(), 0, 0, stage_width, stage_height, x, y);
        x += stage_width;
      }
    }

    const auto& text_surface = GetCurrentText();
    int text_x = (ScreenWidth() - gr_get_width(text_surface)) / 2;
    int text_y = GetTextBaseline();
    gr_color(255, 255, 255, 255);
    DrawTextIcon(text_x, text_y, text_surface);
  }
}

// Draws the animation and progress bar (if any) on the screen. Does not flip pages. Should only be
// called with updateMutex locked.
void ScreenRecoveryUI::draw_foreground_locked() {
  if (current_icon_ != NONE) {
    const auto& frame = GetCurrentFrame();
    int frame_width = gr_get_width(frame);
    int frame_height = gr_get_height(frame);
    int frame_x = (ScreenWidth() - frame_width) / 2;
    int frame_y = GetAnimationBaseline();
    DrawSurface(frame, 0, 0, frame_width, frame_height, frame_x, frame_y);
  }

  if (progressBarType != EMPTY) {
    int width = gr_get_width(progress_bar_empty_.get());
    int height = gr_get_height(progress_bar_empty_.get());

    int progress_x = (ScreenWidth() - width) / 2;
    int progress_y = GetProgressBaseline();

    // Erase behind the progress bar (in case this was a progress-only update)
    gr_color(0, 0, 0, 255);
    DrawFill(progress_x, progress_y, width, height);

    if (progressBarType == DETERMINATE) {
      float p = progressScopeStart + progress * progressScopeSize;
      int pos = static_cast<int>(p * width);

      if (rtl_locale_) {
        // Fill the progress bar from right to left.
        if (pos > 0) {
          DrawSurface(progress_bar_fill_.get(), width - pos, 0, pos, height,
                      progress_x + width - pos, progress_y);
        }
        if (pos < width - 1) {
          DrawSurface(progress_bar_empty_.get(), 0, 0, width - pos, height, progress_x, progress_y);
        }
      } else {
        // Fill the progress bar from left to right.
        if (pos > 0) {
          DrawSurface(progress_bar_fill_.get(), 0, 0, pos, height, progress_x, progress_y);
        }
        if (pos < width - 1) {
          DrawSurface(progress_bar_empty_.get(), pos, 0, width - pos, height, progress_x + pos,
                      progress_y);
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

void ScreenRecoveryUI::SetColor(UIElement e) const {
  switch (e) {
    case UIElement::INFO:
      gr_color(249, 194, 0, 255);
      break;
    case UIElement::HEADER:
      gr_color(247, 0, 6, 255);
      break;
    case UIElement::MENU:
    case UIElement::MENU_SEL_BG:
      gr_color(0, 106, 157, 255);
      break;
    case UIElement::MENU_SEL_BG_ACTIVE:
      gr_color(0, 156, 100, 255);
      break;
    case UIElement::MENU_SEL_FG:
      gr_color(255, 255, 255, 255);
      break;
    case UIElement::LOG:
      gr_color(196, 196, 196, 255);
      break;
    case UIElement::TEXT_FILL:
      gr_color(0, 0, 0, 160);
      break;
    default:
      gr_color(255, 255, 255, 255);
      break;
  }
}

void ScreenRecoveryUI::SelectAndShowBackgroundText(const std::vector<std::string>& locales_entries,
                                                   size_t sel) {
  SetLocale(locales_entries[sel]);
  std::vector<std::string> text_name = { "erasing_text", "error_text", "installing_text",
                                         "installing_security_text", "no_command_text" };
  std::unordered_map<std::string, std::unique_ptr<GRSurface>> surfaces;
  for (const auto& name : text_name) {
    auto text_image = LoadLocalizedBitmap(name);
    if (!text_image) {
      Print("Failed to load %s\n", name.c_str());
      return;
    }
    surfaces.emplace(name, std::move(text_image));
  }

  std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lg(updateMutex);
  gr_color(0, 0, 0, 255);
  gr_clear();

  int text_y = margin_height_;
  int text_x = margin_width_;
  int line_spacing = gr_sys_font()->char_height;  // Put some extra space between images.
  // Write the header and descriptive texts.
  SetColor(UIElement::INFO);
  std::string header = "Show background text image";
  text_y += DrawTextLine(text_x, text_y, header, true);
  std::string locale_selection = android::base::StringPrintf(
      "Current locale: %s, %zu/%zu", locales_entries[sel].c_str(), sel + 1, locales_entries.size());
  // clang-format off
  std::vector<std::string> instruction = {
    locale_selection,
    "Use volume up/down to switch locales and power to exit."
  };
  // clang-format on
  text_y += DrawWrappedTextLines(text_x, text_y, instruction);

  // Iterate through the text images and display them in order for the current locale.
  for (const auto& p : surfaces) {
    text_y += line_spacing;
    SetColor(UIElement::LOG);
    text_y += DrawTextLine(text_x, text_y, p.first, false);
    gr_color(255, 255, 255, 255);
    gr_texticon(text_x, text_y, p.second.get());
    text_y += gr_get_height(p.second.get());
  }
  // Update the whole screen.
  gr_flip();
}

void ScreenRecoveryUI::CheckBackgroundTextImages() {
  // Load a list of locales embedded in one of the resource files.
  std::vector<std::string> locales_entries = get_locales_in_png("installing_text");
  if (locales_entries.empty()) {
    Print("Failed to load locales from the resource files\n");
    return;
  }
  std::string saved_locale = locale_;
  size_t selected = 0;
  SelectAndShowBackgroundText(locales_entries, selected);

  FlushKeys();
  while (true) {
    int key = WaitKey();
    if (key == static_cast<int>(KeyError::INTERRUPTED)) break;
    if (key == KEY_POWER || key == KEY_ENTER) {
      break;
    } else if (key == KEY_UP || key == KEY_VOLUMEUP) {
      selected = (selected == 0) ? locales_entries.size() - 1 : selected - 1;
      SelectAndShowBackgroundText(locales_entries, selected);
    } else if (key == KEY_DOWN || key == KEY_VOLUMEDOWN) {
      selected = (selected == locales_entries.size() - 1) ? 0 : selected + 1;
      SelectAndShowBackgroundText(locales_entries, selected);
    }
  }

  SetLocale(saved_locale);
}

int ScreenRecoveryUI::ScreenWidth() const {
  return gr_fb_width();
}

int ScreenRecoveryUI::ScreenHeight() const {
  return gr_fb_height();
}

void ScreenRecoveryUI::DrawSurface(const GRSurface* surface, int sx, int sy, int w, int h, int dx,
                                   int dy) const {
  gr_blit(surface, sx, sy, w, h, dx, dy);
}

int ScreenRecoveryUI::DrawHorizontalRule(int y) const {
  gr_fill(0, y + 4, ScreenWidth(), y + 6);
  return 8;
}

void ScreenRecoveryUI::DrawHighlightBar(int x, int y, int width, int height) const {
  gr_fill(x, y, x + width, y + height);
}

void ScreenRecoveryUI::DrawFill(int x, int y, int w, int h) const {
  gr_fill(x, y, w, h);
}

void ScreenRecoveryUI::DrawTextIcon(int x, int y, const GRSurface* surface) const {
  gr_texticon(x, y, surface);
}

int ScreenRecoveryUI::DrawTextLine(int x, int y, const std::string& line, bool bold) const {
  gr_text(gr_sys_font(), x, y, line.c_str(), bold);
  return char_height_ + 4;
}

int ScreenRecoveryUI::DrawTextLines(int x, int y, const std::vector<std::string>& lines) const {
  int offset = 0;
  for (const auto& line : lines) {
    offset += DrawTextLine(x, y + offset, line, false);
  }
  return offset;
}

int ScreenRecoveryUI::DrawWrappedTextLines(int x, int y,
                                           const std::vector<std::string>& lines) const {
  // Keep symmetrical margins based on the given offset (i.e. x).
  size_t text_cols = (ScreenWidth() - x * 2) / char_width_;
  int offset = 0;
  for (const auto& line : lines) {
    size_t next_start = 0;
    while (next_start < line.size()) {
      std::string sub = line.substr(next_start, text_cols + 1);
      if (sub.size() <= text_cols) {
        next_start += sub.size();
      } else {
        // Line too long and must be wrapped to text_cols columns.
        size_t last_space = sub.find_last_of(" \t\n");
        if (last_space == std::string::npos) {
          // No space found, just draw as much as we can.
          sub.resize(text_cols);
          next_start += text_cols;
        } else {
          sub.resize(last_space);
          next_start += last_space + 1;
        }
      }
      offset += DrawTextLine(x, y + offset, sub, false);
    }
  }
  return offset;
}

void ScreenRecoveryUI::SetTitle(const std::vector<std::string>& lines) {
  title_lines_ = lines;
}

// Redraws everything on the screen. Does not flip pages. Should only be called with updateMutex
// locked.
void ScreenRecoveryUI::draw_screen_locked() {
  if (!show_text) {
    draw_background_locked();
    draw_foreground_locked();
    return;
  }

  gr_color(0, 0, 0, 255);
  gr_clear();

  // clang-format off
  static std::vector<std::string> REGULAR_HELP{
    "Use volume up/down and power.",
  };
  static std::vector<std::string> LONG_PRESS_HELP{
    "Any button cycles highlight.",
    "Long-press activates.",
  };
  // clang-format on
  draw_menu_and_text_buffer_locked(HasThreeButtons() ? REGULAR_HELP : LONG_PRESS_HELP);
}

// Draws the menu and text buffer on the screen. Should only be called with updateMutex locked.
void ScreenRecoveryUI::draw_menu_and_text_buffer_locked(
    const std::vector<std::string>& help_message) {
  int y = margin_height_;

  if (fastbootd_logo_ && fastbootd_logo_enabled_) {
    // Try to get this centered on screen.
    auto width = gr_get_width(fastbootd_logo_.get());
    auto height = gr_get_height(fastbootd_logo_.get());
    auto centered_x = ScreenWidth() / 2 - width / 2;
    DrawSurface(fastbootd_logo_.get(), 0, 0, width, height, centered_x, y);
    y += height;
  }

  if (menu_) {
    int x = margin_width_ + kMenuIndent;

    SetColor(UIElement::INFO);

    for (size_t i = 0; i < title_lines_.size(); i++) {
      y += DrawTextLine(x, y, title_lines_[i], i == 0);
    }

    y += DrawTextLines(x, y, help_message);

    y += menu_->DrawHeader(x, y);
    y += menu_->DrawItems(x, y, ScreenWidth(), IsLongPress());
  }

  // Display from the bottom up, until we hit the top of the screen, the bottom of the menu, or
  // we've displayed the entire text buffer.
  SetColor(UIElement::LOG);
  int row = text_row_;
  size_t count = 0;
  for (int ty = ScreenHeight() - margin_height_ - char_height_; ty >= y && count < text_rows_;
       ty -= char_height_, ++count) {
    DrawTextLine(margin_width_, ty, text_[row], false);
    --row;
    if (row < 0) row = text_rows_ - 1;
  }
}

// Redraw everything on the screen and flip the screen (make it visible).
// Should only be called with updateMutex locked.
void ScreenRecoveryUI::update_screen_locked() {
  draw_screen_locked();
  gr_flip();
}

// Updates only the progress bar, if possible, otherwise redraws the screen.
// Should only be called with updateMutex locked.
void ScreenRecoveryUI::update_progress_locked() {
  if (show_text || !pagesIdentical) {
    draw_screen_locked();  // Must redraw the whole screen
    pagesIdentical = true;
  } else {
    draw_foreground_locked();  // Draw only the progress bar and overlays
  }
  gr_flip();
}

void ScreenRecoveryUI::ProgressThreadLoop() {
  double interval = 1.0 / animation_fps_;
  while (!progress_thread_stopped_) {
    double start = now();
    bool redraw = false;
    {
      std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lg(updateMutex);

      // update the installation animation, if active
      // skip this if we have a text overlay (too expensive to update)
      if ((current_icon_ == INSTALLING_UPDATE || current_icon_ == ERASING) && !show_text) {
        if (!intro_done_) {
          if (current_frame_ == intro_frames_.size() - 1) {
            intro_done_ = true;
            current_frame_ = 0;
          } else {
            ++current_frame_;
          }
        } else {
          current_frame_ = (current_frame_ + 1) % loop_frames_.size();
        }

        redraw = true;
      }

      // move the progress bar forward on timed intervals, if configured
      int duration = progressScopeDuration;
      if (progressBarType == DETERMINATE && duration > 0) {
        double elapsed = now() - progressScopeTime;
        float p = 1.0 * elapsed / duration;
        if (p > 1.0) p = 1.0;
        if (p > progress) {
          progress = p;
          redraw = true;
        }
      }

      if (redraw) update_progress_locked();
    }

    double end = now();
    // minimum of 20ms delay between frames
    double delay = interval - (end - start);
    if (delay < 0.02) delay = 0.02;
    usleep(static_cast<useconds_t>(delay * 1000000));
  }
}

std::unique_ptr<GRSurface> ScreenRecoveryUI::LoadBitmap(const std::string& filename) {
  GRSurface* surface;
  if (auto result = res_create_display_surface(filename.c_str(), &surface); result < 0) {
    LOG(ERROR) << "Failed to load bitmap " << filename << " (error " << result << ")";
    return nullptr;
  }
  return std::unique_ptr<GRSurface>(surface);
}

std::unique_ptr<GRSurface> ScreenRecoveryUI::LoadLocalizedBitmap(const std::string& filename) {
  GRSurface* surface;
  if (auto result = res_create_localized_alpha_surface(filename.c_str(), locale_.c_str(), &surface);
      result < 0) {
    LOG(ERROR) << "Failed to load bitmap " << filename << " (error " << result << ")";
    return nullptr;
  }
  return std::unique_ptr<GRSurface>(surface);
}

static char** Alloc2d(size_t rows, size_t cols) {
  char** result = new char*[rows];
  for (size_t i = 0; i < rows; ++i) {
    result[i] = new char[cols];
    memset(result[i], 0, cols);
  }
  return result;
}

// Choose the right background string to display during update.
void ScreenRecoveryUI::SetSystemUpdateText(bool security_update) {
  if (security_update) {
    installing_text_ = LoadLocalizedBitmap("installing_security_text");
  } else {
    installing_text_ = LoadLocalizedBitmap("installing_text");
  }
  Redraw();
}

bool ScreenRecoveryUI::InitTextParams() {
  // gr_init() would return successfully on font initialization failure.
  if (gr_sys_font() == nullptr) {
    return false;
  }
  gr_font_size(gr_sys_font(), &char_width_, &char_height_);
  text_rows_ = (ScreenHeight() - margin_height_ * 2) / char_height_;
  text_cols_ = (ScreenWidth() - margin_width_ * 2) / char_width_;
  return true;
}

bool ScreenRecoveryUI::LoadWipeDataMenuText() {
  // Ignores the errors since the member variables will stay as nullptr.
  cancel_wipe_data_text_ = LoadLocalizedBitmap("cancel_wipe_data_text");
  factory_data_reset_text_ = LoadLocalizedBitmap("factory_data_reset_text");
  try_again_text_ = LoadLocalizedBitmap("try_again_text");
  wipe_data_confirmation_text_ = LoadLocalizedBitmap("wipe_data_confirmation_text");
  wipe_data_menu_header_text_ = LoadLocalizedBitmap("wipe_data_menu_header_text");
  return true;
}

bool ScreenRecoveryUI::Init(const std::string& locale) {
  RecoveryUI::Init(locale);

  if (gr_init() == -1) {
    return false;
  }

  if (!InitTextParams()) {
    return false;
  }

  // Are we portrait or landscape?
  layout_ = (gr_fb_width() > gr_fb_height()) ? LANDSCAPE : PORTRAIT;
  // Are we the large variant of our base layout?
  if (gr_fb_height() > PixelsFromDp(800)) ++layout_;

  text_ = Alloc2d(text_rows_, text_cols_ + 1);
  file_viewer_text_ = Alloc2d(text_rows_, text_cols_ + 1);

  text_col_ = text_row_ = 0;

  // Set up the locale info.
  SetLocale(locale);

  error_icon_ = LoadBitmap("icon_error");

  progress_bar_empty_ = LoadBitmap("progress_empty");
  progress_bar_fill_ = LoadBitmap("progress_fill");
  stage_marker_empty_ = LoadBitmap("stage_empty");
  stage_marker_fill_ = LoadBitmap("stage_fill");

  erasing_text_ = LoadLocalizedBitmap("erasing_text");
  no_command_text_ = LoadLocalizedBitmap("no_command_text");
  error_text_ = LoadLocalizedBitmap("error_text");

  if (android::base::GetBoolProperty("ro.boot.dynamic_partitions", false)) {
    fastbootd_logo_ = LoadBitmap("fastbootd");
  }

  // Background text for "installing_update" could be "installing update" or
  // "installing security update". It will be set after Init() according to the commands in BCB.
  installing_text_.reset();

  LoadWipeDataMenuText();

  LoadAnimation();

  // Keep the progress bar updated, even when the process is otherwise busy.
  progress_thread_ = std::thread(&ScreenRecoveryUI::ProgressThreadLoop, this);

  return true;
}

std::string ScreenRecoveryUI::GetLocale() const {
  return locale_;
}

void ScreenRecoveryUI::LoadAnimation() {
  std::unique_ptr<DIR, decltype(&closedir)> dir(opendir(Paths::Get().resource_dir().c_str()),
                                                closedir);
  dirent* de;
  std::vector<std::string> intro_frame_names;
  std::vector<std::string> loop_frame_names;

  while ((de = readdir(dir.get())) != nullptr) {
    int value, num_chars;
    if (sscanf(de->d_name, "intro%d%n.png", &value, &num_chars) == 1) {
      intro_frame_names.emplace_back(de->d_name, num_chars);
    } else if (sscanf(de->d_name, "loop%d%n.png", &value, &num_chars) == 1) {
      loop_frame_names.emplace_back(de->d_name, num_chars);
    }
  }

  size_t intro_frames = intro_frame_names.size();
  size_t loop_frames = loop_frame_names.size();

  // It's okay to not have an intro.
  if (intro_frames == 0) intro_done_ = true;
  // But you must have an animation.
  if (loop_frames == 0) abort();

  std::sort(intro_frame_names.begin(), intro_frame_names.end());
  std::sort(loop_frame_names.begin(), loop_frame_names.end());

  intro_frames_.clear();
  intro_frames_.reserve(intro_frames);
  for (const auto& frame_name : intro_frame_names) {
    intro_frames_.emplace_back(LoadBitmap(frame_name));
  }

  loop_frames_.clear();
  loop_frames_.reserve(loop_frames);
  for (const auto& frame_name : loop_frame_names) {
    loop_frames_.emplace_back(LoadBitmap(frame_name));
  }
}

void ScreenRecoveryUI::SetBackground(Icon icon) {
  std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lg(updateMutex);

  current_icon_ = icon;
  update_screen_locked();
}

void ScreenRecoveryUI::SetProgressType(ProgressType type) {
  std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lg(updateMutex);
  if (progressBarType != type) {
    progressBarType = type;
  }
  progressScopeStart = 0;
  progressScopeSize = 0;
  progress = 0;
  update_progress_locked();
}

void ScreenRecoveryUI::ShowProgress(float portion, float seconds) {
  std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lg(updateMutex);
  progressBarType = DETERMINATE;
  progressScopeStart += progressScopeSize;
  progressScopeSize = portion;
  progressScopeTime = now();
  progressScopeDuration = seconds;
  progress = 0;
  update_progress_locked();
}

void ScreenRecoveryUI::SetProgress(float fraction) {
  std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lg(updateMutex);
  if (fraction < 0.0) fraction = 0.0;
  if (fraction > 1.0) fraction = 1.0;
  if (progressBarType == DETERMINATE && fraction > progress) {
    // Skip updates that aren't visibly different.
    int width = gr_get_width(progress_bar_empty_.get());
    float scale = width * progressScopeSize;
    if ((int)(progress * scale) != (int)(fraction * scale)) {
      progress = fraction;
      update_progress_locked();
    }
  }
}

void ScreenRecoveryUI::SetStage(int current, int max) {
  std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lg(updateMutex);
  stage = current;
  max_stage = max;
}

void ScreenRecoveryUI::PrintV(const char* fmt, bool copy_to_stdout, va_list ap) {
  std::string str;
  android::base::StringAppendV(&str, fmt, ap);

  if (copy_to_stdout) {
    fputs(str.c_str(), stdout);
  }

  std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lg(updateMutex);
  if (text_rows_ > 0 && text_cols_ > 0) {
    for (const char* ptr = str.c_str(); *ptr != '\0'; ++ptr) {
      if (*ptr == '\n' || text_col_ >= text_cols_) {
        text_[text_row_][text_col_] = '\0';
        text_col_ = 0;
        text_row_ = (text_row_ + 1) % text_rows_;
      }
      if (*ptr != '\n') text_[text_row_][text_col_++] = *ptr;
    }
    text_[text_row_][text_col_] = '\0';
    update_screen_locked();
  }
}

void ScreenRecoveryUI::Print(const char* fmt, ...) {
  va_list ap;
  va_start(ap, fmt);
  PrintV(fmt, true, ap);
  va_end(ap);
}

void ScreenRecoveryUI::PrintOnScreenOnly(const char *fmt, ...) {
  va_list ap;
  va_start(ap, fmt);
  PrintV(fmt, false, ap);
  va_end(ap);
}

void ScreenRecoveryUI::PutChar(char ch) {
  std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lg(updateMutex);
  if (ch != '\n') text_[text_row_][text_col_++] = ch;
  if (ch == '\n' || text_col_ >= text_cols_) {
    text_col_ = 0;
    ++text_row_;
  }
}

void ScreenRecoveryUI::ClearText() {
  std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lg(updateMutex);
  text_col_ = 0;
  text_row_ = 0;
  for (size_t i = 0; i < text_rows_; ++i) {
    memset(text_[i], 0, text_cols_ + 1);
  }
}

void ScreenRecoveryUI::ShowFile(FILE* fp) {
  std::vector<off_t> offsets;
  offsets.push_back(ftello(fp));
  ClearText();

  struct stat sb;
  fstat(fileno(fp), &sb);

  bool show_prompt = false;
  while (true) {
    if (show_prompt) {
      PrintOnScreenOnly("--(%d%% of %d bytes)--",
                        static_cast<int>(100 * (double(ftello(fp)) / double(sb.st_size))),
                        static_cast<int>(sb.st_size));
      Redraw();
      while (show_prompt) {
        show_prompt = false;
        int key = WaitKey();
        if (key == static_cast<int>(KeyError::INTERRUPTED)) return;
        if (key == KEY_POWER || key == KEY_ENTER) {
          return;
        } else if (key == KEY_UP || key == KEY_VOLUMEUP) {
          if (offsets.size() <= 1) {
            show_prompt = true;
          } else {
            offsets.pop_back();
            fseek(fp, offsets.back(), SEEK_SET);
          }
        } else {
          if (feof(fp)) {
            return;
          }
          offsets.push_back(ftello(fp));
        }
      }
      ClearText();
    }

    int ch = getc(fp);
    if (ch == EOF) {
      while (text_row_ < text_rows_ - 1) PutChar('\n');
      show_prompt = true;
    } else {
      PutChar(ch);
      if (text_col_ == 0 && text_row_ >= text_rows_ - 1) {
        show_prompt = true;
      }
    }
  }
}

void ScreenRecoveryUI::ShowFile(const std::string& filename) {
  std::unique_ptr<FILE, decltype(&fclose)> fp(fopen(filename.c_str(), "re"), fclose);
  if (!fp) {
    Print("  Unable to open %s: %s\n", filename.c_str(), strerror(errno));
    return;
  }

  char** old_text = text_;
  size_t old_text_col = text_col_;
  size_t old_text_row = text_row_;

  // Swap in the alternate screen and clear it.
  text_ = file_viewer_text_;
  ClearText();

  ShowFile(fp.get());

  text_ = old_text;
  text_col_ = old_text_col;
  text_row_ = old_text_row;
}

std::unique_ptr<Menu> ScreenRecoveryUI::CreateMenu(
    const GRSurface* graphic_header, const std::vector<const GRSurface*>& graphic_items,
    const std::vector<std::string>& text_headers, const std::vector<std::string>& text_items,
    size_t initial_selection) const {
  // horizontal unusable area: margin width + menu indent
  size_t max_width = ScreenWidth() - margin_width_ - kMenuIndent;
  // vertical unusable area: margin height + title lines + helper message + high light bar.
  // It is safe to reserve more space.
  size_t max_height = ScreenHeight() - margin_height_ - char_height_ * (title_lines_.size() + 3);
  if (GraphicMenu::Validate(max_width, max_height, graphic_header, graphic_items)) {
    return std::make_unique<GraphicMenu>(graphic_header, graphic_items, initial_selection, *this);
  }

  fprintf(stderr, "Failed to initialize graphic menu, falling back to use the text menu.\n");

  return CreateMenu(text_headers, text_items, initial_selection);
}

std::unique_ptr<Menu> ScreenRecoveryUI::CreateMenu(const std::vector<std::string>& text_headers,
                                                   const std::vector<std::string>& text_items,
                                                   size_t initial_selection) const {
  if (text_rows_ > 0 && text_cols_ > 1) {
    return std::make_unique<TextMenu>(scrollable_menu_, text_rows_, text_cols_ - 1, text_headers,
                                      text_items, initial_selection, char_height_, *this);
  }

  fprintf(stderr, "Failed to create text menu, text_rows %zu, text_cols %zu.\n", text_rows_,
          text_cols_);
  return nullptr;
}

int ScreenRecoveryUI::SelectMenu(int sel) {
  std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lg(updateMutex);
  if (menu_) {
    int old_sel = menu_->selection();
    sel = menu_->Select(sel);

    if (sel != old_sel) {
      update_screen_locked();
    }
  }
  return sel;
}

size_t ScreenRecoveryUI::ShowMenu(std::unique_ptr<Menu>&& menu, bool menu_only,
                                  const std::function<int(int, bool)>& key_handler) {
  // Throw away keys pressed previously, so user doesn't accidentally trigger menu items.
  FlushKeys();

  // If there is a key interrupt in progress, return KeyError::INTERRUPTED without starting the
  // menu.
  if (IsKeyInterrupted()) return static_cast<size_t>(KeyError::INTERRUPTED);

  CHECK(menu != nullptr);

  // Starts and displays the menu
  menu_ = std::move(menu);
  Redraw();

  int selected = menu_->selection();
  int chosen_item = -1;
  while (chosen_item < 0) {
    int key = WaitKey();
    if (key == static_cast<int>(KeyError::INTERRUPTED)) {  // WaitKey() was interrupted.
      return static_cast<size_t>(KeyError::INTERRUPTED);
    }
    if (key == static_cast<int>(KeyError::TIMED_OUT)) {  // WaitKey() timed out.
      if (WasTextEverVisible()) {
        continue;
      } else {
        LOG(INFO) << "Timed out waiting for key input; rebooting.";
        menu_.reset();
        Redraw();
        return static_cast<size_t>(KeyError::TIMED_OUT);
      }
    }

    bool visible = IsTextVisible();
    int action = key_handler(key, visible);
    if (action < 0) {
      switch (action) {
        case Device::kHighlightUp:
          selected = SelectMenu(--selected);
          break;
        case Device::kHighlightDown:
          selected = SelectMenu(++selected);
          break;
        case Device::kInvokeItem:
          chosen_item = selected;
          break;
        case Device::kNoAction:
          break;
      }
    } else if (!menu_only) {
      chosen_item = action;
    }
  }

  menu_.reset();
  Redraw();

  return chosen_item;
}

size_t ScreenRecoveryUI::ShowMenu(const std::vector<std::string>& headers,
                                  const std::vector<std::string>& items, size_t initial_selection,
                                  bool menu_only,
                                  const std::function<int(int, bool)>& key_handler) {
  auto menu = CreateMenu(headers, items, initial_selection);
  if (menu == nullptr) {
    return initial_selection;
  }

  return ShowMenu(CreateMenu(headers, items, initial_selection), menu_only, key_handler);
}

size_t ScreenRecoveryUI::ShowPromptWipeDataMenu(const std::vector<std::string>& backup_headers,
                                                const std::vector<std::string>& backup_items,
                                                const std::function<int(int, bool)>& key_handler) {
  auto wipe_data_menu = CreateMenu(wipe_data_menu_header_text_.get(),
                                   { try_again_text_.get(), factory_data_reset_text_.get() },
                                   backup_headers, backup_items, 0);
  if (wipe_data_menu == nullptr) {
    return 0;
  }

  return ShowMenu(std::move(wipe_data_menu), true, key_handler);
}

size_t ScreenRecoveryUI::ShowPromptWipeDataConfirmationMenu(
    const std::vector<std::string>& backup_headers, const std::vector<std::string>& backup_items,
    const std::function<int(int, bool)>& key_handler) {
  auto confirmation_menu =
      CreateMenu(wipe_data_confirmation_text_.get(),
                 { cancel_wipe_data_text_.get(), factory_data_reset_text_.get() }, backup_headers,
                 backup_items, 0);
  if (confirmation_menu == nullptr) {
    return 0;
  }

  return ShowMenu(std::move(confirmation_menu), true, key_handler);
}

bool ScreenRecoveryUI::IsTextVisible() {
  std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lg(updateMutex);
  int visible = show_text;
  return visible;
}

bool ScreenRecoveryUI::WasTextEverVisible() {
  std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lg(updateMutex);
  int ever_visible = show_text_ever;
  return ever_visible;
}

void ScreenRecoveryUI::ShowText(bool visible) {
  std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lg(updateMutex);
  show_text = visible;
  if (show_text) show_text_ever = true;
  update_screen_locked();
}

void ScreenRecoveryUI::Redraw() {
  std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lg(updateMutex);
  update_screen_locked();
}

void ScreenRecoveryUI::KeyLongPress(int) {
  // Redraw so that if we're in the menu, the highlight
  // will change color to indicate a successful long press.
  Redraw();
}

void ScreenRecoveryUI::SetLocale(const std::string& new_locale) {
  locale_ = new_locale;
  rtl_locale_ = false;

  if (!new_locale.empty()) {
    size_t separator = new_locale.find('-');
    // lang has the language prefix prior to the separator, or full string if none exists.
    std::string lang = new_locale.substr(0, separator);

    // A bit cheesy: keep an explicit list of supported RTL languages.
    if (lang == "ar" ||  // Arabic
        lang == "fa" ||  // Persian (Farsi)
        lang == "he" ||  // Hebrew (new language code)
        lang == "iw" ||  // Hebrew (old language code)
        lang == "ur") {  // Urdu
      rtl_locale_ = true;
    }
  }
}