diff --git a/updater/Android.bp b/updater/Android.bp
index daf7e32..72f8bc9 100644
--- a/updater/Android.bp
+++ b/updater/Android.bp
@@ -71,6 +71,7 @@
         "dynamic_partitions.cpp",
         "install.cpp",
         "updater.cpp",
+        "updater_runtime.cpp",
     ],
 
     include_dirs: [
diff --git a/updater/blockimg.cpp b/updater/blockimg.cpp
index 3b2b2c0..55218b0 100644
--- a/updater/blockimg.cpp
+++ b/updater/blockimg.cpp
@@ -54,6 +54,7 @@
 #include <ziparchive/zip_archive.h>
 
 #include "edify/expr.h"
+#include "edify/updater_interface.h"
 #include "otautil/dirutil.h"
 #include "otautil/error_code.h"
 #include "otautil/paths.h"
@@ -61,7 +62,6 @@
 #include "otautil/rangeset.h"
 #include "private/commands.h"
 #include "updater/install.h"
-#include "updater/updater.h"
 
 // Set this to 0 to interpret 'erase' transfers to mean do a
 // BLKDISCARD ioctl (the normal behavior).  Set to 1 to interpret
@@ -1669,8 +1669,15 @@
     return StringValue("");
   }
 
-  auto updater = static_cast<Updater*>(state->cookie);
-  ZipArchiveHandle za = updater->package_handle();
+  auto updater = state->updater;
+  auto block_device_path = updater->FindBlockDeviceName(blockdev_filename->data);
+  if (block_device_path.empty()) {
+    LOG(ERROR) << "Block device path for " << blockdev_filename->data << " not found. " << name
+               << " failed.";
+    return StringValue("");
+  }
+
+  ZipArchiveHandle za = updater->GetPackageHandle();
   if (za == nullptr) {
     return StringValue("");
   }
@@ -1690,15 +1697,15 @@
     return StringValue("");
   }
 
-  params.fd.reset(TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(open(blockdev_filename->data.c_str(), O_RDWR)));
+  params.fd.reset(TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(open(block_device_path.c_str(), O_RDWR)));
   if (params.fd == -1) {
     failure_type = errno == EIO ? kEioFailure : kFileOpenFailure;
-    PLOG(ERROR) << "open \"" << blockdev_filename->data << "\" failed";
+    PLOG(ERROR) << "open \"" << block_device_path << "\" failed";
     return StringValue("");
   }
 
   uint8_t digest[SHA_DIGEST_LENGTH];
-  if (!Sha1DevicePath(blockdev_filename->data, digest)) {
+  if (!Sha1DevicePath(block_device_path, digest)) {
     return StringValue("");
   }
   params.stashbase = print_sha1(digest);
@@ -1711,8 +1718,7 @@
     struct stat sb;
     int result = stat(updated_marker.c_str(), &sb);
     if (result == 0) {
-      LOG(INFO) << "Skipping already updated partition " << blockdev_filename->data
-                << " based on marker";
+      LOG(INFO) << "Skipping already updated partition " << block_device_path << " based on marker";
       return StringValue("t");
     }
   } else {
@@ -1910,7 +1916,7 @@
       LOG(INFO) << "stashed " << params.stashed << " blocks";
       LOG(INFO) << "max alloc needed was " << params.buffer.size();
 
-      const char* partition = strrchr(blockdev_filename->data.c_str(), '/');
+      const char* partition = strrchr(block_device_path.c_str(), '/');
       if (partition != nullptr && *(partition + 1) != 0) {
         updater->WriteToCommandPipe(
             android::base::StringPrintf("log bytes_written_%s: %" PRIu64, partition + 1,
@@ -2078,10 +2084,17 @@
     return StringValue("");
   }
 
-  android::base::unique_fd fd(open(blockdev_filename->data.c_str(), O_RDWR));
+  auto block_device_path = state->updater->FindBlockDeviceName(blockdev_filename->data);
+  if (block_device_path.empty()) {
+    LOG(ERROR) << "Block device path for " << blockdev_filename->data << " not found. " << name
+               << " failed.";
+    return StringValue("");
+  }
+
+  android::base::unique_fd fd(open(block_device_path.c_str(), O_RDWR));
   if (fd == -1) {
     CauseCode cause_code = errno == EIO ? kEioFailure : kFileOpenFailure;
-    ErrorAbort(state, cause_code, "open \"%s\" failed: %s", blockdev_filename->data.c_str(),
+    ErrorAbort(state, cause_code, "open \"%s\" failed: %s", block_device_path.c_str(),
                strerror(errno));
     return StringValue("");
   }
@@ -2095,7 +2108,7 @@
   std::vector<uint8_t> buffer(BLOCKSIZE);
   for (const auto& [begin, end] : rs) {
     if (!check_lseek(fd, static_cast<off64_t>(begin) * BLOCKSIZE, SEEK_SET)) {
-      ErrorAbort(state, kLseekFailure, "failed to seek %s: %s", blockdev_filename->data.c_str(),
+      ErrorAbort(state, kLseekFailure, "failed to seek %s: %s", block_device_path.c_str(),
                  strerror(errno));
       return StringValue("");
     }
@@ -2103,7 +2116,7 @@
     for (size_t j = begin; j < end; ++j) {
       if (!android::base::ReadFully(fd, buffer.data(), BLOCKSIZE)) {
         CauseCode cause_code = errno == EIO ? kEioFailure : kFreadFailure;
-        ErrorAbort(state, cause_code, "failed to read %s: %s", blockdev_filename->data.c_str(),
+        ErrorAbort(state, cause_code, "failed to read %s: %s", block_device_path.c_str(),
                    strerror(errno));
         return StringValue("");
       }
@@ -2142,10 +2155,17 @@
     return StringValue("");
   }
 
-  android::base::unique_fd fd(open(arg_filename->data.c_str(), O_RDONLY));
+  auto block_device_path = state->updater->FindBlockDeviceName(arg_filename->data);
+  if (block_device_path.empty()) {
+    LOG(ERROR) << "Block device path for " << arg_filename->data << " not found. " << name
+               << " failed.";
+    return StringValue("");
+  }
+
+  android::base::unique_fd fd(open(block_device_path.c_str(), O_RDONLY));
   if (fd == -1) {
     CauseCode cause_code = errno == EIO ? kEioFailure : kFileOpenFailure;
-    ErrorAbort(state, cause_code, "open \"%s\" failed: %s", arg_filename->data.c_str(),
+    ErrorAbort(state, cause_code, "open \"%s\" failed: %s", block_device_path.c_str(),
                strerror(errno));
     return StringValue("");
   }
@@ -2155,7 +2175,7 @@
 
   if (ReadBlocks(blk0, &block0_buffer, fd) == -1) {
     CauseCode cause_code = errno == EIO ? kEioFailure : kFreadFailure;
-    ErrorAbort(state, cause_code, "failed to read %s: %s", arg_filename->data.c_str(),
+    ErrorAbort(state, cause_code, "failed to read %s: %s", block_device_path.c_str(),
                strerror(errno));
     return StringValue("");
   }
@@ -2171,10 +2191,9 @@
   uint16_t mount_count = *reinterpret_cast<uint16_t*>(&block0_buffer[0x400 + 0x34]);
 
   if (mount_count > 0) {
-    auto updater = static_cast<Updater*>(state->cookie);
-    updater->UiPrint(
+    state->updater->UiPrint(
         android::base::StringPrintf("Device was remounted R/W %" PRIu16 " times", mount_count));
-    updater->UiPrint(
+    state->updater->UiPrint(
         android::base::StringPrintf("Last remount happened on %s", ctime(&mount_time)));
   }
 
@@ -2211,14 +2230,21 @@
     return StringValue("");
   }
 
+  auto block_device_path = state->updater->FindBlockDeviceName(filename->data);
+  if (block_device_path.empty()) {
+    LOG(ERROR) << "Block device path for " << filename->data << " not found. " << name
+               << " failed.";
+    return StringValue("");
+  }
+
   // Output notice to log when recover is attempted
-  LOG(INFO) << filename->data << " image corrupted, attempting to recover...";
+  LOG(INFO) << block_device_path << " image corrupted, attempting to recover...";
 
   // When opened with O_RDWR, libfec rewrites corrupted blocks when they are read
-  fec::io fh(filename->data, O_RDWR);
+  fec::io fh(block_device_path, O_RDWR);
 
   if (!fh) {
-    ErrorAbort(state, kLibfecFailure, "fec_open \"%s\" failed: %s", filename->data.c_str(),
+    ErrorAbort(state, kLibfecFailure, "fec_open \"%s\" failed: %s", block_device_path.c_str(),
                strerror(errno));
     return StringValue("");
   }
@@ -2244,7 +2270,7 @@
 
       if (fh.pread(buffer, BLOCKSIZE, static_cast<off64_t>(j) * BLOCKSIZE) != BLOCKSIZE) {
         ErrorAbort(state, kLibfecFailure, "failed to recover %s (block %zu): %s",
-                   filename->data.c_str(), j, strerror(errno));
+                   block_device_path.c_str(), j, strerror(errno));
         return StringValue("");
       }
 
@@ -2260,7 +2286,7 @@
       //     read and check if the errors field value has increased.
     }
   }
-  LOG(INFO) << "..." << filename->data << " image recovered successfully.";
+  LOG(INFO) << "..." << block_device_path << " image recovered successfully.";
   return StringValue("t");
 }
 
diff --git a/updater/include/updater/updater.h b/updater/include/updater/updater.h
index d546829..7bbecbc 100644
--- a/updater/include/updater/updater.h
+++ b/updater/include/updater/updater.h
@@ -21,45 +21,53 @@
 
 #include <memory>
 #include <string>
+#include <string_view>
 
 #include <ziparchive/zip_archive.h>
 
 #include "edify/expr.h"
+#include "edify/updater_interface.h"
 #include "otautil/error_code.h"
 #include "otautil/sysutil.h"
 
-struct selabel_handle;
+class UpdaterRuntime;
 
-class Updater {
+class Updater : public UpdaterInterface {
  public:
-  ~Updater();
+  explicit Updater(std::unique_ptr<UpdaterRuntimeInterface> run_time)
+      : runtime_(std::move(run_time)) {}
+
+  Updater();
+
+  ~Updater() override;
 
   // Memory-maps the OTA package and opens it as a zip file. Also sets up the command pipe and
-  // selabel handle. TODO(xunchang) implement a run time environment class and move sehandle there.
-  bool Init(int fd, const std::string& package_filename, bool is_retry,
-            struct selabel_handle* sehandle);
+  // UpdaterRuntime.
+  bool Init(int fd, const std::string_view package_filename, bool is_retry);
 
   // Parses and evaluates the updater-script in the OTA package. Reports the error code if the
   // evaluation fails.
   bool RunUpdate();
 
   // Writes the message to command pipe, adds a new line in the end.
-  void WriteToCommandPipe(const std::string& message, bool flush = false) const;
+  void WriteToCommandPipe(const std::string_view message, bool flush = false) const override;
 
   // Sends over the message to recovery to print it on the screen.
-  void UiPrint(const std::string& message) const;
+  void UiPrint(const std::string_view message) const override;
 
-  ZipArchiveHandle package_handle() const {
+  std::string FindBlockDeviceName(const std::string_view name) const override;
+
+  UpdaterRuntimeInterface* GetRuntime() const override {
+    return runtime_.get();
+  }
+  ZipArchiveHandle GetPackageHandle() const override {
     return package_handle_;
   }
-  struct selabel_handle* sehandle() const {
-    return sehandle_;
-  }
-  std::string result() const {
+  std::string GetResult() const override {
     return result_;
   }
 
-  uint8_t* GetMappedPackageAddress() const {
+  uint8_t* GetMappedPackageAddress() const override {
     return mapped_package_.addr;
   }
 
@@ -76,13 +84,15 @@
   // Parses the error code embedded in state->errmsg; and reports the error code and cause code.
   void ParseAndReportErrorCode(State* state);
 
+  std::unique_ptr<UpdaterRuntimeInterface> runtime_;
+
   MemMapping mapped_package_;
   ZipArchiveHandle package_handle_{ nullptr };
   std::string updater_script_;
 
   bool is_retry_{ false };
   std::unique_ptr<FILE, decltype(&fclose)> cmd_pipe_{ nullptr, fclose };
-  struct selabel_handle* sehandle_{ nullptr };
 
   std::string result_;
+  std::vector<std::string> skipped_functions_;
 };
diff --git a/updater/include/updater/updater_runtime.h b/updater/include/updater/updater_runtime.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6cd0ffb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/updater/include/updater/updater_runtime.h
@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <memory>
+#include <string>
+#include <string_view>
+#include <utility>
+#include <vector>
+
+#include "edify/updater_runtime_interface.h"
+
+struct selabel_handle;
+struct Partition;
+
+class UpdaterRuntime : public UpdaterRuntimeInterface {
+ public:
+  explicit UpdaterRuntime(struct selabel_handle* sehandle) : sehandle_(sehandle) {}
+  ~UpdaterRuntime() override = default;
+
+  bool IsSimulator() const override {
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  std::string GetProperty(const std::string_view key,
+                          const std::string_view default_value) const override;
+
+  std::string FindBlockDeviceName(const std::string_view name) const override;
+
+  int Mount(const std::string_view location, const std::string_view mount_point,
+            const std::string_view fs_type, const std::string_view mount_options) override;
+  bool IsMounted(const std::string_view mount_point) const override;
+  std::pair<bool, int> Unmount(const std::string_view mount_point) override;
+
+  bool ReadFileToString(const std::string_view filename, std::string* content) const override;
+  bool WriteStringToFile(const std::string_view content,
+                         const std::string_view filename) const override;
+
+  int WipeBlockDevice(const std::string_view filename, size_t len) const override;
+  int RunProgram(const std::vector<std::string>& args, bool is_vfork) const override;
+  int Tune2Fs(const std::vector<std::string>& args) const override;
+
+  struct selabel_handle* sehandle_{ nullptr };
+};
diff --git a/updater/install.cpp b/updater/install.cpp
index b4d8840..6b15eaa 100644
--- a/updater/install.cpp
+++ b/updater/install.cpp
@@ -57,12 +57,25 @@
 #include <ziparchive/zip_archive.h>
 
 #include "edify/expr.h"
+#include "edify/updater_interface.h"
+#include "edify/updater_runtime_interface.h"
 #include "otautil/dirutil.h"
 #include "otautil/error_code.h"
 #include "otautil/mounts.h"
 #include "otautil/print_sha1.h"
 #include "otautil/sysutil.h"
-#include "updater/updater.h"
+
+static bool UpdateBlockDeviceNameForPartition(UpdaterInterface* updater, Partition* partition) {
+  CHECK(updater);
+  std::string name = updater->FindBlockDeviceName(partition->name);
+  if (name.empty()) {
+    LOG(ERROR) << "Failed to find the block device " << partition->name;
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  partition->name = std::move(name);
+  return true;
+}
 
 // This is the updater side handler for ui_print() in edify script. Contents will be sent over to
 // the recovery side for on-screen display.
@@ -73,7 +86,7 @@
   }
 
   std::string buffer = android::base::Join(args, "");
-  static_cast<Updater*>(state->cookie)->UiPrint(buffer);
+  state->updater->UiPrint(buffer);
   return StringValue(buffer);
 }
 
@@ -99,7 +112,7 @@
     const std::string& zip_path = args[0];
     const std::string& dest_path = args[1];
 
-    ZipArchiveHandle za = static_cast<Updater*>(state->cookie)->package_handle();
+    ZipArchiveHandle za = state->updater->GetPackageHandle();
     ZipEntry entry;
     if (FindEntry(za, zip_path, &entry) != 0) {
       LOG(ERROR) << name << ": no " << zip_path << " in package";
@@ -142,7 +155,7 @@
     }
     const std::string& zip_path = args[0];
 
-    ZipArchiveHandle za = static_cast<Updater*>(state->cookie)->package_handle();
+    ZipArchiveHandle za = state->updater->GetPackageHandle();
     ZipEntry entry;
     if (FindEntry(za, zip_path, &entry) != 0) {
       return ErrorAbort(state, kPackageExtractFileFailure, "%s(): no %s in package", name,
@@ -197,6 +210,11 @@
                       args[1].c_str(), err.c_str());
   }
 
+  if (!UpdateBlockDeviceNameForPartition(state->updater, &source) ||
+      !UpdateBlockDeviceNameForPartition(state->updater, &target)) {
+    return StringValue("");
+  }
+
   bool result = PatchPartitionCheck(target, source);
   return StringValue(result ? "t" : "");
 }
@@ -238,6 +256,11 @@
     return ErrorAbort(state, kArgsParsingFailure, "%s(): Invalid patch arg", name);
   }
 
+  if (!UpdateBlockDeviceNameForPartition(state->updater, &source) ||
+      !UpdateBlockDeviceNameForPartition(state->updater, &target)) {
+    return StringValue("");
+  }
+
   bool result = PatchPartition(target, source, *values[0], nullptr);
   return StringValue(result ? "t" : "");
 }
@@ -281,24 +304,8 @@
                       name);
   }
 
-  auto updater = static_cast<Updater*>(state->cookie);
-  {
-    char* secontext = nullptr;
-    if (updater->sehandle()) {
-      selabel_lookup(updater->sehandle(), &secontext, mount_point.c_str(), 0755);
-      setfscreatecon(secontext);
-    }
-
-    mkdir(mount_point.c_str(), 0755);
-
-    if (secontext) {
-      freecon(secontext);
-      setfscreatecon(nullptr);
-    }
-  }
-
-  if (mount(location.c_str(), mount_point.c_str(), fs_type.c_str(),
-            MS_NOATIME | MS_NODEV | MS_NODIRATIME, mount_options.c_str()) < 0) {
+  auto updater = state->updater;
+  if (updater->GetRuntime()->Mount(location, mount_point, fs_type, mount_options) != 0) {
     updater->UiPrint(android::base::StringPrintf("%s: Failed to mount %s at %s: %s", name,
                                                  location.c_str(), mount_point.c_str(),
                                                  strerror(errno)));
@@ -324,9 +331,8 @@
                       "mount_point argument to unmount() can't be empty");
   }
 
-  scan_mounted_volumes();
-  MountedVolume* vol = find_mounted_volume_by_mount_point(mount_point.c_str());
-  if (vol == nullptr) {
+  auto updater_runtime = state->updater->GetRuntime();
+  if (!updater_runtime->IsMounted(mount_point)) {
     return StringValue("");
   }
 
@@ -347,42 +353,20 @@
                       "mount_point argument to unmount() can't be empty");
   }
 
-  auto updater = static_cast<Updater*>(state->cookie);
-  scan_mounted_volumes();
-  MountedVolume* vol = find_mounted_volume_by_mount_point(mount_point.c_str());
-  if (vol == nullptr) {
+  auto updater = state->updater;
+  auto [mounted, result] = updater->GetRuntime()->Unmount(mount_point);
+  if (!mounted) {
     updater->UiPrint(
         android::base::StringPrintf("Failed to unmount %s: No such volume", mount_point.c_str()));
     return nullptr;
-  } else {
-    int ret = unmount_mounted_volume(vol);
-    if (ret != 0) {
-      updater->UiPrint(android::base::StringPrintf("Failed to unmount %s: %s", mount_point.c_str(),
-                                                   strerror(errno)));
-    }
+  } else if (result != 0) {
+    updater->UiPrint(android::base::StringPrintf("Failed to unmount %s: %s", mount_point.c_str(),
+                                                 strerror(errno)));
   }
 
   return StringValue(mount_point);
 }
 
-static int exec_cmd(const std::vector<std::string>& args) {
-  CHECK(!args.empty());
-  auto argv = StringVectorToNullTerminatedArray(args);
-
-  pid_t child;
-  if ((child = vfork()) == 0) {
-    execv(argv[0], argv.data());
-    _exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
-  }
-
-  int status;
-  waitpid(child, &status, 0);
-  if (!WIFEXITED(status) || WEXITSTATUS(status) != 0) {
-    LOG(ERROR) << args[0] << " failed with status " << WEXITSTATUS(status);
-  }
-  return WEXITSTATUS(status);
-}
-
 // format(fs_type, partition_type, location, fs_size, mount_point)
 //
 //    fs_type="ext4"  partition_type="EMMC"  location=device  fs_size=<bytes> mount_point=<location>
@@ -427,6 +411,7 @@
                       fs_size.c_str());
   }
 
+  auto updater_runtime = state->updater->GetRuntime();
   if (fs_type == "ext4") {
     std::vector<std::string> mke2fs_args = {
       "/system/bin/mke2fs", "-t", "ext4", "-b", "4096", location
@@ -435,12 +420,13 @@
       mke2fs_args.push_back(std::to_string(size / 4096LL));
     }
 
-    if (auto status = exec_cmd(mke2fs_args); status != 0) {
+    if (auto status = updater_runtime->RunProgram(mke2fs_args, true); status != 0) {
       LOG(ERROR) << name << ": mke2fs failed (" << status << ") on " << location;
       return StringValue("");
     }
 
-    if (auto status = exec_cmd({ "/system/bin/e2fsdroid", "-e", "-a", mount_point, location });
+    if (auto status = updater_runtime->RunProgram(
+            { "/system/bin/e2fsdroid", "-e", "-a", mount_point, location }, true);
         status != 0) {
       LOG(ERROR) << name << ": e2fsdroid failed (" << status << ") on " << location;
       return StringValue("");
@@ -459,12 +445,13 @@
     if (size >= 512) {
       f2fs_args.push_back(std::to_string(size / 512));
     }
-    if (auto status = exec_cmd(f2fs_args); status != 0) {
+    if (auto status = updater_runtime->RunProgram(f2fs_args, true); status != 0) {
       LOG(ERROR) << name << ": make_f2fs failed (" << status << ") on " << location;
       return StringValue("");
     }
 
-    if (auto status = exec_cmd({ "/system/bin/sload_f2fs", "-t", mount_point, location });
+    if (auto status = updater_runtime->RunProgram(
+            { "/system/bin/sload_f2fs", "-t", mount_point, location }, true);
         status != 0) {
       LOG(ERROR) << name << ": sload_f2fs failed (" << status << ") on " << location;
       return StringValue("");
@@ -503,8 +490,7 @@
                       sec_str.c_str());
   }
 
-  auto updater = static_cast<Updater*>(state->cookie);
-  updater->WriteToCommandPipe(android::base::StringPrintf("progress %f %d", frac, sec));
+  state->updater->WriteToCommandPipe(android::base::StringPrintf("progress %f %d", frac, sec));
 
   return StringValue(frac_str);
 }
@@ -527,8 +513,7 @@
                       frac_str.c_str());
   }
 
-  auto updater = static_cast<Updater*>(state->cookie);
-  updater->WriteToCommandPipe(android::base::StringPrintf("set_progress %f", frac));
+  state->updater->WriteToCommandPipe(android::base::StringPrintf("set_progress %f", frac));
 
   return StringValue(frac_str);
 }
@@ -541,7 +526,9 @@
   if (!Evaluate(state, argv[0], &key)) {
     return nullptr;
   }
-  std::string value = android::base::GetProperty(key, "");
+
+  auto updater_runtime = state->updater->GetRuntime();
+  std::string value = updater_runtime->GetProperty(key, "");
 
   return StringValue(value);
 }
@@ -566,7 +553,8 @@
   const std::string& key = args[1];
 
   std::string buffer;
-  if (!android::base::ReadFileToString(filename, &buffer)) {
+  auto updater_runtime = state->updater->GetRuntime();
+  if (!updater_runtime->ReadFileToString(filename, &buffer)) {
     ErrorAbort(state, kFreadFailure, "%s: failed to read %s", name, filename.c_str());
     return nullptr;
   }
@@ -628,7 +616,7 @@
                       argv.size());
   }
 
-  static_cast<Updater*>(state->cookie)->WriteToCommandPipe("wipe_cache");
+  state->updater->WriteToCommandPipe("wipe_cache");
   return StringValue("t");
 }
 
@@ -642,26 +630,8 @@
     return ErrorAbort(state, kArgsParsingFailure, "%s() Failed to parse the argument(s)", name);
   }
 
-  auto exec_args = StringVectorToNullTerminatedArray(args);
-  LOG(INFO) << "about to run program [" << exec_args[0] << "] with " << argv.size() << " args";
-
-  pid_t child = fork();
-  if (child == 0) {
-    execv(exec_args[0], exec_args.data());
-    PLOG(ERROR) << "run_program: execv failed";
-    _exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
-  }
-
-  int status;
-  waitpid(child, &status, 0);
-  if (WIFEXITED(status)) {
-    if (WEXITSTATUS(status) != 0) {
-      LOG(ERROR) << "run_program: child exited with status " << WEXITSTATUS(status);
-    }
-  } else if (WIFSIGNALED(status)) {
-    LOG(ERROR) << "run_program: child terminated by signal " << WTERMSIG(status);
-  }
-
+  auto updater_runtime = state->updater->GetRuntime();
+  auto status = updater_runtime->RunProgram(args, false);
   return StringValue(std::to_string(status));
 }
 
@@ -679,7 +649,8 @@
   const std::string& filename = args[0];
 
   std::string contents;
-  if (android::base::ReadFileToString(filename, &contents)) {
+  auto updater_runtime = state->updater->GetRuntime();
+  if (updater_runtime->ReadFileToString(filename, &contents)) {
     return new Value(Value::Type::STRING, std::move(contents));
   }
 
@@ -708,12 +679,12 @@
   }
 
   const std::string& value = args[0];
-  if (!android::base::WriteStringToFile(value, filename)) {
+  auto updater_runtime = state->updater->GetRuntime();
+  if (!updater_runtime->WriteStringToFile(value, filename)) {
     PLOG(ERROR) << name << ": Failed to write to \"" << filename << "\"";
     return StringValue("");
-  } else {
-    return StringValue("t");
   }
+  return StringValue("t");
 }
 
 // Immediately reboot the device.  Recovery is not finished normally,
@@ -839,16 +810,10 @@
   if (!android::base::ParseUint(len_str.c_str(), &len)) {
     return nullptr;
   }
-  android::base::unique_fd fd(open(filename.c_str(), O_WRONLY));
-  if (fd == -1) {
-    PLOG(ERROR) << "Failed to open " << filename;
-    return StringValue("");
-  }
 
-  // The wipe_block_device function in ext4_utils returns 0 on success and 1
-  // for failure.
-  int status = wipe_block_device(fd, len);
-  return StringValue((status == 0) ? "t" : "");
+  auto updater_runtime = state->updater->GetRuntime();
+  int status = updater_runtime->WipeBlockDevice(filename, len);
+  return StringValue(status == 0 ? "t" : "");
 }
 
 Value* EnableRebootFn(const char* name, State* state, const std::vector<std::unique_ptr<Expr>>& argv) {
@@ -856,7 +821,7 @@
     return ErrorAbort(state, kArgsParsingFailure, "%s() expects no args, got %zu", name,
                       argv.size());
   }
-  static_cast<Updater*>(state->cookie)->WriteToCommandPipe("enable_reboot");
+  state->updater->WriteToCommandPipe("enable_reboot");
   return StringValue("t");
 }
 
@@ -872,10 +837,8 @@
 
   // tune2fs expects the program name as its first arg.
   args.insert(args.begin(), "tune2fs");
-  auto tune2fs_args = StringVectorToNullTerminatedArray(args);
-
-  // tune2fs changes the filesystem parameters on an ext2 filesystem; it returns 0 on success.
-  if (auto result = tune2fs_main(tune2fs_args.size() - 1, tune2fs_args.data()); result != 0) {
+  auto updater_runtime = state->updater->GetRuntime();
+  if (auto result = updater_runtime->Tune2Fs(args); result != 0) {
     return ErrorAbort(state, kTune2FsFailure, "%s() returned error code %d", name, result);
   }
   return StringValue("t");
diff --git a/updater/updater.cpp b/updater/updater.cpp
index e0679fb..dbfa2f4 100644
--- a/updater/updater.cpp
+++ b/updater/updater.cpp
@@ -24,14 +24,17 @@
 #include <android-base/logging.h>
 #include <android-base/strings.h>
 
+#include "updater/updater_runtime.h"
+
+Updater::Updater() : Updater(std::make_unique<UpdaterRuntime>(nullptr)) {}
+
 Updater::~Updater() {
   if (package_handle_) {
     CloseArchive(package_handle_);
   }
 }
 
-bool Updater::Init(int fd, const std::string& package_filename, bool is_retry,
-                   struct selabel_handle* sehandle) {
+bool Updater::Init(int fd, const std::string_view package_filename, bool is_retry) {
   // Set up the pipe for sending commands back to the parent process.
   cmd_pipe_.reset(fdopen(fd, "wb"));
   if (!cmd_pipe_) {
@@ -41,12 +44,12 @@
 
   setlinebuf(cmd_pipe_.get());
 
-  if (!mapped_package_.MapFile(package_filename)) {
+  if (!mapped_package_.MapFile(std::string(package_filename))) {
     LOG(ERROR) << "failed to map package " << package_filename;
     return false;
   }
   if (int open_err = OpenArchiveFromMemory(mapped_package_.addr, mapped_package_.length,
-                                           package_filename.c_str(), &package_handle_);
+                                           std::string(package_filename).c_str(), &package_handle_);
       open_err != 0) {
     LOG(ERROR) << "failed to open package " << package_filename << ": "
                << ErrorCodeString(open_err);
@@ -58,14 +61,12 @@
 
   is_retry_ = is_retry;
 
-  sehandle_ = sehandle;
-  if (!sehandle_) {
-    fprintf(cmd_pipe_.get(), "ui_print Warning: No file_contexts\n");
-  }
   return true;
 }
 
 bool Updater::RunUpdate() {
+  CHECK(runtime_);
+
   // Parse the script.
   std::unique_ptr<Expr> root;
   int error_count = 0;
@@ -86,6 +87,9 @@
     if (result_.empty() && state.cause_code != kNoCause) {
       fprintf(cmd_pipe_.get(), "log cause: %d\n", state.cause_code);
     }
+    for (const auto& func : skipped_functions_) {
+      LOG(WARNING) << "Skipped executing function " << func;
+    }
     return true;
   }
 
@@ -93,17 +97,17 @@
   return false;
 }
 
-void Updater::WriteToCommandPipe(const std::string& message, bool flush) const {
-  fprintf(cmd_pipe_.get(), "%s\n", message.c_str());
+void Updater::WriteToCommandPipe(const std::string_view message, bool flush) const {
+  fprintf(cmd_pipe_.get(), "%s\n", std::string(message).c_str());
   if (flush) {
     fflush(cmd_pipe_.get());
   }
 }
 
-void Updater::UiPrint(const std::string& message) const {
+void Updater::UiPrint(const std::string_view message) const {
   // "line1\nline2\n" will be split into 3 tokens: "line1", "line2" and "".
   // so skip sending empty strings to ui.
-  std::vector<std::string> lines = android::base::Split(message, "\n");
+  std::vector<std::string> lines = android::base::Split(std::string(message), "\n");
   for (const auto& line : lines) {
     if (!line.empty()) {
       fprintf(cmd_pipe_.get(), "ui_print %s\n", line.c_str());
@@ -116,6 +120,10 @@
   LOG(INFO) << message;
 }
 
+std::string Updater::FindBlockDeviceName(const std::string_view name) const {
+  return runtime_->FindBlockDeviceName(name);
+}
+
 void Updater::ParseAndReportErrorCode(State* state) {
   CHECK(state);
   if (state->errmsg.empty()) {
diff --git a/updater/updater_main.cpp b/updater/updater_main.cpp
index dd22c13..055a8ac 100644
--- a/updater/updater_main.cpp
+++ b/updater/updater_main.cpp
@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@
 #include "updater/dynamic_partitions.h"
 #include "updater/install.h"
 #include "updater/updater.h"
+#include "updater/updater_runtime.h"
 
 // Generated by the makefile, this function defines the
 // RegisterDeviceExtensions() function, which calls all the
@@ -95,8 +96,8 @@
   auto sehandle = selinux_android_file_context_handle();
   selinux_android_set_sehandle(sehandle);
 
-  Updater updater;
-  if (!updater.Init(fd, package_name, is_retry, sehandle)) {
+  Updater updater(std::make_unique<UpdaterRuntime>(sehandle));
+  if (!updater.Init(fd, package_name, is_retry)) {
     return 1;
   }
 
diff --git a/updater/updater_runtime.cpp b/updater/updater_runtime.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..761f999
--- /dev/null
+++ b/updater/updater_runtime.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,132 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include "updater/updater_runtime.h"
+
+#include <string.h>
+#include <sys/mount.h>
+#include <sys/stat.h>
+#include <sys/wait.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+
+#include <android-base/file.h>
+#include <android-base/logging.h>
+#include <android-base/properties.h>
+#include <android-base/strings.h>
+#include <android-base/unique_fd.h>
+#include <ext4_utils/wipe.h>
+#include <selinux/label.h>
+#include <tune2fs.h>
+
+#include "otautil/mounts.h"
+#include "otautil/sysutil.h"
+
+std::string UpdaterRuntime::GetProperty(const std::string_view key,
+                                        const std::string_view default_value) const {
+  return android::base::GetProperty(std::string(key), std::string(default_value));
+}
+
+std::string UpdaterRuntime::FindBlockDeviceName(const std::string_view name) const {
+  return std::string(name);
+}
+
+int UpdaterRuntime::Mount(const std::string_view location, const std::string_view mount_point,
+                          const std::string_view fs_type, const std::string_view mount_options) {
+  std::string mount_point_string(mount_point);
+  char* secontext = nullptr;
+  if (sehandle_) {
+    selabel_lookup(sehandle_, &secontext, mount_point_string.c_str(), 0755);
+    setfscreatecon(secontext);
+  }
+
+  mkdir(mount_point_string.c_str(), 0755);
+
+  if (secontext) {
+    freecon(secontext);
+    setfscreatecon(nullptr);
+  }
+
+  return mount(std::string(location).c_str(), mount_point_string.c_str(),
+               std::string(fs_type).c_str(), MS_NOATIME | MS_NODEV | MS_NODIRATIME,
+               std::string(mount_options).c_str());
+}
+
+bool UpdaterRuntime::IsMounted(const std::string_view mount_point) const {
+  scan_mounted_volumes();
+  MountedVolume* vol = find_mounted_volume_by_mount_point(std::string(mount_point).c_str());
+  return vol != nullptr;
+}
+
+std::pair<bool, int> UpdaterRuntime::Unmount(const std::string_view mount_point) {
+  scan_mounted_volumes();
+  MountedVolume* vol = find_mounted_volume_by_mount_point(std::string(mount_point).c_str());
+  if (vol == nullptr) {
+    return { false, -1 };
+  }
+
+  int ret = unmount_mounted_volume(vol);
+  return { true, ret };
+}
+
+bool UpdaterRuntime::ReadFileToString(const std::string_view filename, std::string* content) const {
+  return android::base::ReadFileToString(std::string(filename), content);
+}
+
+bool UpdaterRuntime::WriteStringToFile(const std::string_view content,
+                                       const std::string_view filename) const {
+  return android::base::WriteStringToFile(std::string(content), std::string(filename));
+}
+
+int UpdaterRuntime::WipeBlockDevice(const std::string_view filename, size_t len) const {
+  android::base::unique_fd fd(open(std::string(filename).c_str(), O_WRONLY));
+  if (fd == -1) {
+    PLOG(ERROR) << "Failed to open " << filename;
+    return false;
+  }
+  // The wipe_block_device function in ext4_utils returns 0 on success and 1 for failure.
+  return wipe_block_device(fd, len);
+}
+
+int UpdaterRuntime::RunProgram(const std::vector<std::string>& args, bool is_vfork) const {
+  CHECK(!args.empty());
+  auto argv = StringVectorToNullTerminatedArray(args);
+  LOG(INFO) << "about to run program [" << args[0] << "] with " << argv.size() << " args";
+
+  pid_t child = is_vfork ? vfork() : fork();
+  if (child == 0) {
+    execv(argv[0], argv.data());
+    PLOG(ERROR) << "run_program: execv failed";
+    _exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+  }
+
+  int status;
+  waitpid(child, &status, 0);
+  if (WIFEXITED(status)) {
+    if (WEXITSTATUS(status) != 0) {
+      LOG(ERROR) << "run_program: child exited with status " << WEXITSTATUS(status);
+    }
+  } else if (WIFSIGNALED(status)) {
+    LOG(ERROR) << "run_program: child terminated by signal " << WTERMSIG(status);
+  }
+
+  return status;
+}
+
+int UpdaterRuntime::Tune2Fs(const std::vector<std::string>& args) const {
+  auto tune2fs_args = StringVectorToNullTerminatedArray(args);
+  // tune2fs changes the filesystem parameters on an ext2 filesystem; it returns 0 on success.
+  return tune2fs_main(tune2fs_args.size() - 1, tune2fs_args.data());
+}